| the hoax theory by Albino Galuppini |
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| "WE GO TO THE MOON ..." |
| After President John F. Kennedy announced to Congress in May 1961 that the US should 'commit itself, before this decade is out, to landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to Earth,' the race to the moon began. The Cold War was at its height, and NASA was one of the leading weapons in the battle. But it was the Soviet Union which made all the early advances. They launched the first man into space in 1961, and the first woman two years later. They were also the first to orbit the Earth.The US had their successes, too, when, less than a year after Kennedy's speech, John Glenn became the first American to orbit the earth. |
"We choose to go to the Moon in this decade and do the other things not because they are easy, but because they are hard. Because that goal will serve to organize and measure the best of our energies and skills"
John F. Kennedy
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| MOON MEANS TRAGEDY |
| Tragedy followed success, though, for both the Soviet Union and the United States. On January 27, 1967, the cockpit of Apollo 1 caught fire during a practice countdown. United States astronauts Edward White II, Virgil Grissom, and Roger Chaffee died in the fire. That same year, the Soviet cosmonaut Vladimir Komarov was killed when his spacecraft, Soyuz 1, crashed upon re-entry. Even in the 70s Soyuz 11 cosmonauts Georgi Dobrovolsky, Vladislav Volkov, and Viktor Patsayev were also killed in re-entry in 1971. They were returning to Earth after successfully manning Salyut 1, the first Soviet space station. The many flaws that had lead to the fire from Apollo 1 meant that a complete design overhaul was required. Many people at NASA felt that the end of the decade deadline would prove unfeasible. |
| IMPOSSIBLE DREAM |
| Kaysing worked as a technical writer for a company involved in the Apollo missions. During this time, Kaysing claims, NASA carried out a feasibility study which found they had only a 0.0017 per cent chance of landing a man on the moon and returning him to earth. Kaysing believes it was impossible for NASA to go from 0.0017 to 100 per cent by 1969. Some people believe Kaysing has a point. If Americans could get to the moon with 1960's technology, it wouldbe easy for us to get to the moon today. However, all nations have extreme difficultly putting an object into a high Earth orbit .All of the missions to the moon had to pass the through the Van Allen Radiation Belt. But the only way to get through it was if you had 6 feet thick of lead covering the ship. They had none. The radiation can pass through many things, especially the ship and space suits. Also I found a site that had a lot of info about the VARB (Van Allen Radiation Belt) and it showed a graph of the amount of radiation was caused by the VARB around 1969. It showed that in exactly 1969 was the time when the amount of radiation was almost at the worst possible. It also said that the Russians sent animals through (they all died) and found that it was impossible to go through and live. The Apollo missions spent about 4hrs. each in the VARB. And Apollo was the only space program that had to go through the VARB. So this shows that could never even get near the moon. |
| STAGED PERFORMANCE |
"There is just one thing I can promise you about the outer-space program - your tax-dollar will go further"
Wernher von Braun |
| In his book, We Never Went to the Moon, (Italian title: Non siamo mai andati sulla Luna) Kaysing claims that NASA and the Defence Intelligence Agency (DIA) worked together on faking the Apollo 11 moon landing. An empty Saturn V rocket was launched but fell back to earth when it was out of the public gaze. NASA also allegedly created a lunar landscape in an underground cavern at a remote Nevada site. Meanwhile, the astronauts and Mission Control were taking part in a meticulously staged performance designed to fool the public and especially the Russians, into believing they had landed on the moon. Fake photographs and film were taken and the astronauts' return to earth was staged by dropping a dummy space capsule from an army plane into the ocean. |
| BRAIN WASHING |
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Kaysing goes on to suggest that the astronauts were brain washed to guarantee their co-operation with the hoax.
Another American author, Ralph Rene, also believes that astronauts could not have made it to the moon. In his book, NASA Mooned America!, also Rene claims that the Apollo spacecraft would have needed at least an equivalent mass in lead of two meters of water shielding to prevent cosmic radiation from cooking the astronauts inside. The hoax theorists believe that when NASA realised they did not have the technology to take men safely to the moon by the end of the 1960s, they resorted to faking the lunar landings. This ensured that they would score a propaganda coup against the Soviets and keep the dollars rolling in for funding their real space projects. Bart Sibrel is an American filmmaker who has filmed several documentaries on the subject: very remarkable works are A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Moon and Astronauts Gone Wild . David Percy born in London (England), is a TV producer and expert in audiovisuals technologies, member of the Royal Photographic Society of Britain, made the documentary What happened on the Moon where he casts doubts about the authenticity of the Apollo Moon Landing photographs and NASA's capability to put a man on the Moon and bring him back to Earth safely.
Albino Galuppini |
